Goitre is caused by the deficiency of. Worldwide, iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiters. A full dietary history, multiple 24-hour urinary iodine level measurements, and reduction of goiter size after iodine treatment are necessary for the diagnosis, especially in minority patients with seafood allergy or hypertension and avoidance of dairy foods. It is the most common disease which can affect 1 in 200 people. Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones. The chances that a nodule is cancerous are small. In mild cases, goiter causes no other symptoms and thyroid function may be normal. If the goiter is large, it may extend into the retrosternal space. Diabetes insipidus disease is caused due to the deficiency of hormone produced by May 23, 2016 · The expression of the progressive and nodular increase of the thyroid in non-toxic benign goiters is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors, of which iodine deficiency is the most important . Except in severe iodine deficiency, thyroid function is normal and patients are asymptomatic except for an obviously enlarged, nontender thyroid. (d) It is most common in males than in females. This Question Belongs to Biology GK Chapter Wise >> Human Anatomy And Physiology. Iodine is usually consumed in the diet in the form of iodised salt. Simple nontoxic goiter is noncancerous enlargement of the thyroid gland that does not involve over- or underproduction of thyroid hormones. 1 . The most common cause of goiter outside of the United States is a lack of iodine in the diet. Goitre can also be caused by other things, including hypothyroidism and substances that cause goitre (goitrogens). The Causes of Goiter . Goiter is treatable and can be reversed in most cases. Noncancerous thyroid enlargement can occur because of lack of iodine in the diet or ingestion of certain substances or medications. Answer: Option A. Iodine is a mineral present in small amounts in a person’s diet. In this instance, the terminology is an endemic goiter. Iodine is a component of the hormone thyroxin that is produced by the thyroid gland. Goitres are not usually serious but should be checked by a GP. A deficiency disease can be defined as a disease that is caused by the lack of essential nutrients or dietary elements such as vitamins and minerals in the human body. May 13, 2018 · One cause of multinodular goiter is an iodine deficiency, although this is rare in the United States. Jan 24, 2022 · Goiter. An overactive or underactive thyroid. Goitre is a swelling caused in the thyroid gland by under or over production of hormones by the gland. There are several possible causes of goiter, including: An iodine deficiency. Discomfort when wearing turtlenecks, ties, and scarves. When iodine intake is low, thyroid hormone production is low, and in response the pituitary gland secretes greater quantities of the hormone thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating Jun 9, 2022 · Goitre is more common in women, in people over 40 years of age, and those with a family history of goitre. Causes of Thyroid Goiters. Iodine Deficiency and Autoimmune Disorders. The body typically attempts to compensate by producing greater amounts of TSH. Iodine deficiency is usually treated by eating Solution. Nontoxic goiter is thyroid gland enlargement with no disturbance in the thyroid function. It is not due to inflammation or neoplasia. Role of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in Goiter Formation Mar 18, 2019 · A goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland that causes the neck to swell above normal. Iodine deficiency is the main cause of euthyroid diffuse goiter; accordingly, correction of the intrathyroid iodine deficiency is the main objective of treatment. If the goitre grows large enough, it can press on your swallowing tube (oesophagus) or windpipe (trachea). This enlargement can be caused by iodine deficiency, inability of the body to use iodine correctly, or a variety of thyroid disorders, including infection, tumors, and autoimmune disease. The term goiter is used to describe any enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can be caused by iodine deficiency or a thyroid disorder. Goitre can show as an obvious lump or swelling at the bottom of your neck. Goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, may occur in response to deficient (hypoiodine goiter) or toxic (hyperiodine goiter) levels of iodine in the diet. Goitre can also be caused by a number of things like thyroid Apr 17, 2020 · Iodine, a main constituent of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), deficiency is one of the commonest causes of hypothyroidism in children and adults, worldwide. Name the hormone whose deficiency in the body causes goitre. As mentioned earlier, Iodine deficiency in the body can lead to goiter. Doctors do a blood test to check for hypothyroidism , including that due to iodine deficiency Hypothyroidism can cause symptoms including severe tiredness, feeling cold, weight gain and an enlarged thyroid (goitre). Iodine deficiency Feb 7, 2022 · Increased TSH causes increased cellularity and hyperplasia of the thyroid gland in an attempt to normalize thyroid hormone levels. There are many other less frequent causes related to chronic consumption of goitrogenic foods (chronic consumption of cassava, also known as manioc); infections or Goitre is an enlarged thyroid gland — your thyroid is the butterfly-shaped gland at the base of your neck. The treatment of benign non-toxic goiter is a challenge for clinicians and endocrinologists. Aug 8, 2023 · Goiter is the enlargement of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones - called thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), these hormones are carried round the body through the blood. The most common type of goitre is endemic goitre, caused by iodine deficiency . It is one of the most common thyroid disorders. In the absence of sufficient iodine, the thyroid works tirelessly to ensure thyroid hormone production, thus resulting into the enlargement of the gland. This is a condition called goiter. The swelling occurs in the throat area and can be as large as an orange. Aug 24, 2022 · Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter and worldwide is estimated to affect 2. Causes of Goiter. The most common cause of simple nontoxic goiter in most of the world is. A goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland. Conclusion: Iron supplementation may improve thyroid metabolism in children but we still have to investigate the role of It is caused by absolute or functional deficiency of thyroid hormones, thyroid enlargement and the appearance of a goitre referred to as "dyshormonogenetic" or "dysenzymatic". Iodine is absorbed via sodium/iodide symporter in the glandular breast tissue, and its role is to promote the growth of the normal tissue Dec 30, 2022 · Iodine deficiency was a common cause of goiter in earlier times. Goiter can be caused due to several factors and the symptoms presented vary depending on the cause. It remains a common cause of goiters in other parts of the world. Thyroid hormone secretion may be decreased, increased, or normal. In more serious cases, pressure from the goiter can interfere with swallowing, chewing or speaking. Endemic goiter develops for two reasons: relative or absolute iodine deficiency in The daily minimum dietary requirement for iodine is 150 mcg/d in nonpregnant adults, and 250 mcg/d for pregnant or lactating women. Discussion: Patients with goitre may be asymptomatic, or may present with compressive symptoms such as cough or dysphagia. WHAT IS THE THYROID GLAND? WHAT CAUSES A GOITER? Dec 13, 2019 · Iodine deficiency is the main cause of goiters. If you have a goiter, you may experience symptoms such as: Choking. Goiter can sometimes be caused by thyroid nodules. Apr 21, 2023 · There are a range of possible causes of a goiter, including: Iodine deficiency The most common cause of goiters outside the United States is a lack of iodine in the diet. When you don’t have enough iodine, the thyroid works extra hard to make Apr 18, 2023 · Thyromegaly refers to an enlarged thyroid. The first step is to find the root cause of the condition. Causes of goitre include autoimmune disease, the formation of one or more thyroid nodules and iodine deficiency (Table 1). Goiter is usually painless, but it may interfere with breathing or swallowing. Deficiency of thyroxin in the body causes: Q. This is called hypothyroidism. A well-balanced diet is critical to a person's overall health. With iodine deficiency, the thyroid can become Goitre is caused by a nutritional deficiency of iodine. Objective: This article outlines the causes, investigation and management of goitre in the Australian general practice setting. B. January 24, 2022. Treatment of goitre depends on the cause, size and symptoms. Fast heartbeat, rapid breathing, protrusion of the eyes, and neck swelling are all indications of excessive thyroxin secretion. If you don’t get enough iodine in your diet, your thyroid makes more cells (and grows) to try to make more thyroid hormone. Coughing. Your thyroid slowly grows larger as it tries to keep up with your body’s demand for more thyroid hormone. Hoarseness. In the 19th The following are symptoms of iodine deficiency: ( 6) You develop a goiter. Other symptoms of goiter are related to Causes of goiter Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter worldwide, but this has been almost entirely eliminated in the United States since the addition of iodide to salt in the 1920s. Several factors can lead to the enlargement of the thyroid gland. If an underactive thyroid is not treated, it can lead to complications, including heart disease, goitre, pregnancy problems and a life-threatening condition called myxoedema coma (although this is very rare). The cause–effect relationship between iodine deficiency, impaired function of the thyroid gland, and breast cancer has been observed for over 100 years [23,24,25]. The most significant is the impaired mental and physical development which occurs as a result of iodine deprivation early in life. Option C : The deficiency of sodium leads to lethargy and confusion. The neck is usually grossly enlarged, and Sep 30, 2023 · Indeed, low iodine content in edible salt can be a crucial factor for such a high prevalence of goitre, but other causes of dietary deficiency of iodine, like presence of goitrogen in common foods, cooking methods, environmental factors like presence of hardness in water, low iodine content in soil due to certain agricultural practices Except in severe iodine deficiency, thyroid function is normal and patients are asymptomatic except for an obviously enlarged, nontender thyroid. The correct option is C iodine. Diagnosis is made by confirming thyroid size with ultrasonography. iodine. Goitre is a term that refers to an enlargement of the thyroid (thyromegaly) and can be associated with a thyroid gland that is functioning properly or not. Difficulty swallowing. Hypothyroidism can lead to a lot of different symptoms. The deficiency of iodine in our diet causes a condition called hypothyroidism, which results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland, commonly called the goitre. The thyroid gland makes thyroid hormones - called thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Multinodular goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by multiple enlarged nodules. Goiter, a disease caused by iodine deficiency, results in the inability of the thyroid gland to form T3 and T4. Iodide monotherapy may also be an Jun 23, 2023 · The most common symptom of iodine deficiency is an enlarged thyroid gland, also known as a goiter. Hashimoto’s disease. Goitre refers to an enlarged thyroid gland. Common causes of goitre include autoimmune disease, thyroid nodules and iodine deficiency. sodium. Symptoms can include: low systolic and high diastolic blood pressure. A multinodular goiter contains multiple distinct nodules within the goiter, but its cause is less clear. In some cases, goiters may be linked to an underactive or overactive thyroid. Iodine Global Network: Global scorecard of iodine nutrition in 2021 in the general population based on school-age children (SAC) Thyroid autonomy is uncommon (about 3% to 15% of Tweet. Feb 23, 2024 · Hint: Goiter is a deficiency disorder related to the depletion of the endocrine secretion. The incidence of goiter is based on the degree of iodine deficiency. Treatment is directed at the cause, but partial surgical removal may be required for very large goiters. As stated earlier, one of the major causes behind goitre is iodine deficiency but this has been significantly resolved by various methods in the past few decades. Oct 1, 2018 · A goiter can occur in a gland that is producing too much hormone (hyperthyroidism), too little hormone (hypothyroidism), or the correct amount of hormone (euthyroidism). (voice box). Some common ones include: Digestion problems. low heart rate. Goitre can be classified by epidemiology, aetiology, anatomical and morphological features, functional status ( Table 1) or a combination of Sep 26, 2020 · A cross-sectional study had shown that a Danish population with deficient iodine intake had a higher lifetime risk for hyperthyroidism, the most common cause of which was multinodular goiter (14,15). Iodine plays a vital role in assisting the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones. The goiter may be diffuse or a localized growth. Jun 24, 2021 · The term ‘goitre’ describes any enlargement of the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a small gland in your neck that makes hormones. Goiters and thyroid nodules increase in frequency as we age. (b) It is the cause for large multi-nodular goitre. Although goiters are usually painless, a large goiter can cause a cough and make it difficult Exophthalmic Goitre is a disease caused by the over-activity of the thyroid gland resulting in an enlarged thyroid. People often have no symptoms. Goiters are further classified by functionality: Feb 4, 2021 · 2. Aug 26, 2020 · Iodine deficiency is the major cause of goitre. TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone) Test. Goitre due to iodine deficiency is treated with iodine-rich foods, such as seafood and iodized These follicular cells synthesize two hormones, tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) Iodine is required for the normal rate of hormone synthesis in the thyroid. If a person does not get enough dietary iodine, hormone production drops and the pituitary gland signals the thyroid to make more. Other articles where endemic goitre is discussed: goitre: common type of goitre is endemic goitre, caused by iodine deficiency. They can form quickly or very slowly over years. Multinodular goiters, particularly those that constrict airways, the esophagus or blood vessels. Goiter FAQs. In severe cases, there is an accompanying lack of hair (especially in pigs) or wool (lambs). 12. May 25, 2022 · Difficulty swallowing or a feeling that food is stuck in your throat. . Inadequate iodine levels disrupt the normal functioning of The word Goiter indicates an enlarged thyroid and does not mean any malfunction in the thyroid gland. Simple, nontoxic goiter is a specific form of noncancerous enlargement. Population effects of severe iodine deficiency, termed iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs), include endemic goiter, hypothyroidism, cretinism, decreased fertility rate, increased infant mortality, and mental retardation. Since as far back as the 19th century, fluoride has. Thyroid infection or injury. Jun 8, 2015 · Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland that often produces a noticeable swelling in the front of the neck. These situations include: Large goiters that are uncomfortable or cause breathing difficulties or swallowing. Suggest Corrections. Nov 11, 2021 · Iodine deficiency affects your health by decreasing thyroid function. Goiter is mainly a disease of lambs and kids, it rarely occurs in calves. There are two main hormones called thyroxine and triiodothyronine. C. Several pathogenic mechanisms can cause goiter. 001). In many cases, the only symptom of goitre is swelling in your neck. The enlarged thyroid gland is called goiter. Environmental factors, namely, contamination Jul 25, 2016 · Goitre caused due to hypothyroidism is treated with lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy. In 1883, Semon suggested myxedema was due to thyroid insufficiency and the link between goiter, myxedema, and iodine was established when, in 1896, Baumann and Roos discovered iodine in the thyroid. calcium. If this process is sustained, a goiter is established. Doucefleur / Getty Images. org Goiter Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a more common cause of goiter formation in Goiter caused by iodine deficiency is most common in newborn pigs, lambs, and calves in iodine-deficient areas. What are the causes of goiter? Iodine deficiency: Thyroid gland needs iodine to produce hormones Jul 23, 2012 · Euthyroid diffuse goiter. Goitre (aka goiter) is an enlargement of the thyroid gland that in some cases can produce visible swelling in the neck. It can be caused by iodine deficiency, which is often seen in countries that do not have a public health intervention to prevent iodine deficiency. Certain inherited conditions. Which of the following statement is true about Grave’s disease of the thyroid? (a) It is the cause for ophthalmoplegia. Goitre can also affect the amount of thyroid Nov 22, 2020 · The primary symptom of goiter is a swelling or lump on the front of the neck, which is due to an enlarged thyroid. Understanding the factors contributing to a goiter's development is essential for proper prevention and treatment. (c) In the past, grave’s disease sometimes caused ‘Derbyshire Neck’. It may be a single large nodule or multiple nodules located within or on the thyroid’s surface. Explanation of the incorrect option : Option B : The deficiency of iron leads to anemia. Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, especially at night. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter worldwide. Globally, the most recognized cause of thyroid goitre has been iodine deficiency, however, it is rare in the US since there is plenty of iodine in drinking water and certain foods we eat like table salt. Human Biology Quiz #3. Dec 3, 2013 · December 3, 2013 By Kentucky Equine Research Staff. Goiters don't represent any one disease. Causes of thyroid hormone deficiency include inborn errors of thyroid hormone synthesis, iodine deficiency, and goitrogens. While anybody can develop iodine deficiency, it’s more common in people who are pregnant or breastfeeding (who have higher iodine requirements), and unborn or newborn babies. The thyroid gland. The main cause of goitre is iodine deficiency. It can be caused by a solitary nodule ( Figure 1 ), multiple nodules ( Figure 2) or a smooth enlargement of some or all of the gland. 4%. It causes the enlargement of that endocrine gland which is directly involved for the secretion that leads to goiter. Your thyroid is the butterfly-shaped gland at the base of your neck. Symptoms of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism may also accompany the goiter. Causes of goiter. A deficiency in iodine—an essential mineral that helps your body produce thyroid hormones—is the leading cause of goiters worldwide. extreme Mar 4, 2024 · A very large goitre may cause sensations of choking and can cause difficulty in breathing and swallowing. Individuals in affected communities show a spectru Goitre is caused by the deficiency of -. It may also cause an increase in heart rate, shortness of breath, and weight gain ( 8 ). The prevalence of iron deficiency was 16. Jun 21, 2023 · Most substernal goiters are in the anterolateral mediastinum, but approximately 10 percent are located primarily in the posterior mediastinum . Iodine is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency is diagnosed based on blood tests indicating low levels of thyroid hormones or a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or based on the presence of a goiter (only in adults). But this Apr 17, 2023 · Many health conditions, including iodine deficiency, cause it. Oct 17, 2021 · Causes of endemic goiter. T4 and T3 help to keep the body's functions (the metabolism) working at the correct pace. It is a condition that causes the thyroid to grow unevenly. It was common to treat goiters with seaweed and the shells of marine organisms, due to their rich iodine content. Complete answer: Goiter is actually the enlargement of the thyroid gland. The thyroid lobes of the young animal usually are at least twice normal size, soft, and dark red. Because of the limited space in the mediastinum, the goiter can cause compression of the upper Jul 15, 2018 · Severe iodine deficiency results in impaired thyroid hormone synthesis and/or thyroid enlargement (goiter). Goiters are often harmless but symptoms can occur, and treatment may be required depending on the size and type of goiter. Thyroid nodules. The French chemist Chatin was the first to publish, in 1851, the hypothesis that iodine deficiency was the cause of goiter. ” Thus, iodine deficiency is one cause of goiter development. With moderate deficiency, the Oct 31, 2023 · If the thyroid gland enlarges, it causes a swelling in the neck which you can see - a goitre. While the most common cause of goiter worldwide is iodine deficiency, many conditions can cause it. Goitres could also be caused by thyroid nodules. Wherever iodine deficiency is common, goiter will be common. intolerance to cold temperatures. The most common cause of goiter is a deficiency of iodine in the diet. In the coastal communities, saltwater fish were an important part of the diet, and because of the presence of iodine in seawater, goiter was less common than in the inland districts. Ref Fig. Swelling of the thyroid gland is observed. Diagnosis is clinical and with determination of normal thyroid function. Graves’ disease. Iodine deficiency. A goitre is a lump or swelling at the front of the neck caused by a swollen thyroid. A. Causes of endemic goiter. What causes goitre? There are a number of different causes for goitre including: Iodine deficiency – iodine is an essential trace element which helps the thyroid gland to function properly and to make thyroid hormones. Goiter caused by iodine deficiency is most common in newborn pigs, lambs, and calves in iodine-deficient areas. Any dietary imbalance could result in an excess or insufficient consumption of particular nutrients. Causes of goiter include: Iodine deficiency: Your thyroid needs iodine to produce thyroid hormone. Iodine deficiency (most common) Certain foods (eg, sorghum, millet, maize, cassava) Mineral deficiencies (selenium, iron, zinc) Water pollutants. The main symptom of a goitre is a swelling at the front of the neck, which is usually painless. Thyroid cancer. A large goitre can make it hard to breathe or swallow. Congenital partial defects in thyroid Nov 9, 2022 · A nodular goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by a nodule or nodules. Cancer . Nov 3, 2022 · Goitre is not treated with medication in general unless there are specific symptoms that deserve treatment. You may know it as a goiter. Goitre occurs when there is reduced thyroid hormone synthesis secondary to biosynthetic defects and/or iodine deficiency, leading to increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The thyroid gland here mentioned a small butterfly-shaped gland Goiters and thyroid nodules causing unwanted symptoms or adversely affect a person's health require treatment, often thyroid surgery. The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland in the neck, just in front of the windpipe (trachea). Causes may include iodine deficiency, autoimmune conditions, or thyroid inflammation for other reasons. Iodine Deficiency and Breast Cancer. Up to 80 per cent of the population were affected in inland areas. Before 1950 goiter was a widespread disease caused by iodine deficiency. Q. D. As discussed earlier, iodine deficiency increases the risk of toxic multinodular goiter by development of autonomous thyroid cells. Explanation: A goitre or goiter is a swelling of the thyroid gland, which can lead to a swelling of the neck or larynx. It is the leading cause of goiter. Serious iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in stillbirth, spontaneous abortion Aug 16, 2022 · Toxic goiter: It occurs when the thyroid gland enlarges and also produces abnormally high levels of hormones; Nontoxic goiter: it is a condition when the enlarged thyroid gland produces normal levels of hormones. A goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland primarily caused by iodine deficiency. Surgery is indicated when breathing or Dec 1, 2015 · Iodine deficiency can be a cause of goiter among minority women in New Jersey. To make the hormones, the gland needs to Goiter caused by iodine deficiency is most common in newborn pigs, lambs, and calves in iodine-deficient areas. Inflammation of the thyroid (thyroiditis) Exposure to radiation. While this is the Aug 14, 2023 · Etiology. The prevalence of substernal goiter as a percentage of thyroidectomies ranges from 2 to 19 percent . A number of factors that influence thyroid function or growth can result in a goiter. Jun 28, 2022 · Iodine Deficiency in Small Ruminants. The thyroid uses iodine to The word goiter is sometimes used to describe any form of thyroid gland enlargement (for example, enlargement caused by inflammation or cancer). A nodule is a lump within the gland. Treatment. These hormones are carried around the body in the bloodstream. Feb 11, 2022 · Multinodular goiter. 2 billion people, however not all goiters are the result of an iodine deficiency. Multinodular Goiter. Treatment is thyroid hormone replacement when hypothyroidism is present. Key difference: Cretinism is a condition arising from the deficiency of a thyroid hormone, which is characterized by dwarfism and mental retardation. AMERICAN THYROID ASSOCIATION® www. Before iodized salt was introduced in 1920, iodine deficiency was the main One of the first signs of iodine deficiency is the enlargement of your thyroid. In some cases, the entire gland may become enlarged or swollen, while in others, nodules, enlargement, or swellings may develop in only one or a few parts of the gland. Goitres are usually painless but can feel sore or tender. Goitre or goiter is swelling in the neck or it is characterised by an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland due to the deficiency of thyroxine hormone in the body. Iodine is a substance in food (iodized salt and seafood) that the thyroid uses to make thyroid hormones. The iron-deficient patients had a significantly higher thyroid stimulating hormone level and lower free T4 concentrations than those with a normal serum ferritin level (P<0. Answer: (d) 9. A goiter indicates there is a condition present which is causing the thyroid to grow abnormally. Iodine deficiency what is termed a “goiter. Goiter is a deficiency disease caused due to the lack of iodine. Lab Test. ETIOLOGY. Option D : Disorders caused by iodine deficiency continue to be a major health problem in many underdeveloped areas of the world. Check if you have a goitre. thyroid. Therefore, it is a nontoxic goiter. In children and prepubertal adolescents, the use of iodide in a dose of 150–200 µg per day is the treatment of choice . With mild iodine deficiency, the incidence of goiter is 5% to 20%. During the neonatal period, childhood and adolescence, iodine-deficiency disorders can lead to hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. A severe deficiency of iodine causes a lack of essential thyroid hormone production and the thyroid gland enlarges. Further, some risk factors could increase the chances of occurrence. And decreased thyroid function leads to decreased thyroid hormone levels in the body. Congenital goiter is a diffuse or nodular enlargement of the thyroid gland present at birth. The neck is usually grossly enlarged, and Goiter Causes and Risk Factors. When iodine levels in the diet are inadequate to Oct 26, 2022 · Patients with toxic multinodular goiter usually have a history of longstanding goiter, and worldwide, iodine deficiency is the most common cause of nodular goiter. The normal work of the whole organism is provided by the endocrine system. 3. Iodine is an essential nutrient that is required for the production of thyroid hormone. Image will be uploaded soon. If the body lacks iodine, the tissues of the thyroid gland begin to increase, the work of the endocrine system, and with it of the whole organism, is disrupted. chlorine. According to Wikipedia, cretinism is a condition of severely underdeveloped physical Feb 25, 2016 · Common causes of goiters include: Iodine deficiency: The mineral iodine is needed for the production of thyroid hormones. Other micronutrients, such as Cruciferous vegetables, Pearl Millet, Soy products and Cassava, were also attributed to cause thyroid dysfunction. [2] . The main causes behind goitre. Iodine-deficiency disorders, which can start before birth, jeopardize children's mental health and often their very survival. Iodine is essential to helping your thyroid produce thyroid hormones. Iodine Deficiency Iodine deficiency, which is common Goitre is caused by the deficiency of. qr hy tv ah jd mo hz za ef fz